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Migration and Integration in Germany: The First Two Decades of the Twenty-First Century
Friedrich Heckmann
European Forum for Migration Studies
Friedrich Heckmann is Professor of sociology and director of the European Forum for Migration Studies at the University of Bamberg. He studied sociology, history, and economics at the universities of Münster, Kiel, Kansas (USA), and Erlangen-Nürnberg.
He received an M.A. in sociology from the University of Kansas in Lawrence in 1967 and his Ph.D. from the University of Erlangen-Nürnberg in 1972, where he worked as an assistant and researcher. He was Professor of sociology at the Hamburg School of Economics and Political Science between 1982 and 1992. Since 1992 he has been a professor at the University of Bamberg.
His main research interests are in the areas of migration, interethnic relations, integration of migrants, social structure of Germany, and sociological theory. He has served as a policy adviser and expert consultant on migration and integration for the German parliament, the German federal government, Länder governments, cities, and nongovernmental organizations.
Issue Brief 60
Few issues in recent years have dominated public and political discourse inside and outside of Germany as migration and integration. The movement of millions of people into the country have elicited some very different reactions from segments of the German population. This Issue Brief gives a short overview of some major aspects of the German migration and integration experience since the beginning of the new century. It uses a systematic historical approach to focus on four key themes and issues:
- Migration,
- Integration and integration policies,
- The refugee crisis, and
- National identity challenges.
